DNSRegistration lookup
HOW THE INTERNET SEES A NETWORK

BGP looking glass.

Explore routing observations, origin networks and RPKI validation.

45.149.26.0

RIPE RIS
Retrieved · 2026-09-25T07:03:15+00:00Observed · 2026-09-25T07:02:37ZView JSON
Registration / WHOIS →
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Origin ASN
AS5511
Collectors shown
18
Paths shown
68

RPKI origin validation

45.149.26.0/24 · AS5511Invalid origin ASN
Covering ROAs
  • 45.149.26.0/24 · AS34346 · max length /24

Valid authorizes this prefix and origin ASN. It does not validate the AS path. No ROA means no covering authorization was found.

Collector / peerAS pathLast confirmed (UTC)Details
RRC01
5.57.81.231		917 60068 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
5.57.81.231
Last changed
2026-07-28T14:38:52Z
Communities
917:56020 5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 57695:13000 57695:35100 60068:203 60068:2000 60068:2260 60068:7040
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC01
195.66.224.83		55112026-09-25T07:03:08Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
195.66.224.83
Last changed
2026-07-28T14:36:19Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC01
195.66.224.193		9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
195.66.224.193
Last changed
2026-08-18T02:31:28Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC01
195.66.227.148		14630 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
195.66.227.148
Last changed
2026-08-07T00:41:31Z
Communities
5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:5000 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 14630:11 14630:5000
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC00
5.178.95.254		59919 9002 55112026-09-25T07:02:06Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
5.178.95.254
Last changed
2026-09-16T19:58:51Z
Communities
9002:9002 9002:64605
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC00
45.14.68.69		206499 34549 55112026-09-25T07:02:03Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
45.14.68.69
Last changed
2026-09-15T18:01:23Z
Communities
5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 34549:100 34549:5511
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC00
80.77.16.114		34549 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
80.77.16.114
Last changed
2026-08-25T21:34:28Z
Communities
5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 34549:100 34549:5511
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC00
89.42.52.8		213241 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:03Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
89.42.52.8
Last changed
2026-07-14T21:58:53Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC00
94.247.111.254		49673 12389 55112026-09-25T06:54:48Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
94.247.111.254
Last changed
2026-09-24T04:13:23Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC00
193.33.94.251		58057 1836 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
193.33.94.251
Last changed
2026-09-09T08:50:25Z
Communities
5511:515 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:10009 1836:20000 5511:30535 1836:110 1836:6000 5511:30594 1836:6051 5511:999 5511:40176 58057:65010 5511:500
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC00
194.28.97.2		45049 6696 55112026-09-25T07:03:10Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
194.28.97.2
Last changed
2026-08-12T08:49:32Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC00
194.50.92.251		58057 34549 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
194.50.92.251
Last changed
2026-09-08T09:22:08Z
Communities
0:34927 0:56382 0:58299 5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 34549:100 34549:5511
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC00
194.50.99.254		34800 34549 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
194.50.99.254
Last changed
2026-09-15T10:35:15Z
Communities
5511:515 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:10009 5511:30535 34549:100 5511:30594 34549:5511 5511:999 5511:40176 34800:65010 5511:500
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC00
202.150.221.37		38001 9002 55112026-09-25T07:02:41Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
202.150.221.37
Last changed
2026-09-16T20:01:16Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC23
27.111.229.103		9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
27.111.229.103
Last changed
2026-05-31T23:13:08Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC23
27.111.230.35		133210 56308 7473 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:10Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
27.111.230.35
Last changed
2026-09-24T16:20:44Z
Communities
7473:1 7473:11055 7473:52009
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
2138:56308
RRC21
37.49.236.32		34177 55112026-09-25T07:03:06Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
37.49.236.32
Last changed
2026-08-26T23:10:55Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC21
37.49.237.83		25091 55112026-09-25T07:03:00Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
37.49.237.83
Last changed
2026-08-17T23:04:39Z
Communities
5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 25091:12304
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC21
37.49.237.198		56987 55112026-09-25T07:03:02Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
37.49.237.198
Last changed
2026-07-30T16:37:43Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC25
2a0e:46c4:2c11::1		142289 9583 7473 9002 55112026-09-25T06:53:43Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
0.0.0.0
Last changed
2026-09-23T12:11:41Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC25
79.143.96.61		15397 15958 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
79.143.96.61
Last changed
2026-09-17T15:15:30Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC25
80.241.0.70		21282 9198 12389 55112026-09-25T07:02:50Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
80.241.0.70
Last changed
2026-09-16T19:56:32Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC25
94.207.42.2		57187 15802 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
94.207.42.2
Last changed
2026-09-16T19:53:37Z
Communities
57187:1000 57187:1001 57187:4001 57187:57187
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC25
103.74.171.30		132847 7474 7473 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:12Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
103.74.171.30
Last changed
2026-09-23T12:11:26Z
Communities
7473:1 7473:11055 7473:52009 7474:1202 7474:1222 7474:1402 7474:1527 7474:30102 65500:102
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
2:116391935
RRC25
103.75.161.246		142289 9583 7473 9002 55112026-09-25T06:53:49Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
103.75.161.246
Last changed
2026-09-23T12:11:41Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC25
103.167.66.1		142271 9304 55112026-09-25T07:03:12Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
103.167.66.1
Last changed
2026-09-24T05:46:21Z
Communities
9304:14 9304:171 9304:402 9304:5500 9304:17123 65171:5511
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
2:733938164
RRC25
185.115.244.25		28824 8896 12552 55112026-09-25T07:03:09Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
185.115.244.25
Last changed
2026-09-16T19:51:14Z
Communities
8896:2240 12552:10000 12552:13000 12552:13600 12552:13601 12552:23000 28824:1400
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC25
185.205.208.5		44901 55112026-09-25T07:03:12Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
185.205.208.5
Last changed
2026-09-23T14:18:06Z
Communities
5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 44901:24
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC25
194.28.99.120		34872 60144 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:08Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
194.28.99.120
Last changed
2026-09-18T12:54:22Z
Communities
60144:120 60144:11003
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
60144:10000
RRC25
195.69.189.4		28910 9002 55112026-09-25T07:02:46Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
195.69.189.4
Last changed
2026-09-16T13:23:29Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC12
80.81.193.139		48362 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
80.81.193.139
Last changed
2026-09-18T01:23:40Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC12
80.81.193.194		48919 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
80.81.193.194
Last changed
2026-08-25T21:35:03Z
Communities
9002:9002 9002:64605
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
48919:1
RRC12
80.81.194.119		34288 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:13Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
80.81.194.119
Last changed
2026-09-21T21:09:59Z
Communities
9002:9002 9002:64605 65500:50000 65500:51000 65500:51060
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC12
80.81.195.166		47147 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
80.81.195.166
Last changed
2026-09-18T05:52:51Z
Communities
9002:9002 9002:64605 47147:1502 47147:2000 47147:2100 47147:2300 47147:2400 47147:2616
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC12
80.81.195.171		64475 47147 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
80.81.195.171
Last changed
2026-09-18T05:52:55Z
Communities
9002:9002 9002:64605 47147:1502 47147:2000 47147:2100 47147:2300 47147:2400 47147:2616 64475:201 64475:210
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC12
80.81.195.178		206356 47147 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:12Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
80.81.195.178
Last changed
2026-09-18T05:52:51Z
Communities
9002:9002 9002:64605 47147:1502 47147:2000 47147:2100 47147:2300 47147:2400 47147:2616
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC12
80.81.195.219		58057 34549 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
80.81.195.219
Last changed
2026-09-08T09:22:53Z
Communities
5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 34549:100 34549:5511
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC12
80.81.196.156		34927 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
80.81.196.156
Last changed
2026-09-23T12:11:24Z
Communities
34927:110 34927:910 34927:948
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC12
80.81.196.197		58299 34549 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
80.81.196.197
Last changed
2026-08-25T21:36:21Z
Communities
5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 34549:100 34549:1000 34549:5511
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC12
80.81.196.225		213151 34549 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
80.81.196.225
Last changed
2026-09-09T16:32:49Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC03
80.249.213.102		47147 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
80.249.213.102
Last changed
2026-09-22T22:59:46Z
Communities
9002:9002 9002:64605 47147:1502 47147:2000 47147:2100 47147:2300 47147:2400 47147:2616
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC03
193.239.117.55		212635 34927 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:13Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
193.239.117.55
Last changed
2026-09-16T21:15:30Z
Communities
9002:9002 9002:64605 34927:710 34927:748
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC22
86.104.125.47		39668 9050 8953 55112026-09-25T07:03:12Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
86.104.125.47
Last changed
2026-09-16T20:33:55Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC22
86.104.125.59		56430 9009 55112026-09-25T07:03:12Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
86.104.125.59
Last changed
2026-05-31T23:13:09Z
Communities
5511:515 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:10009 9009:30000 5511:30535 9009:30030 5511:30594 5511:999 9009:65001 5511:40176 5511:500
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC22
86.104.125.81		31554 6204 6204 55112026-09-25T07:03:08Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
86.104.125.81
Last changed
2026-09-16T20:12:24Z
Communities
39107:31554
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC20
91.206.52.5		47147 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:12Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
91.206.52.5
Last changed
2026-09-18T05:52:51Z
Communities
9002:9002 9002:64605 47147:1502 47147:2000 47147:2100 47147:2300 47147:2400 47147:2616
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC20
91.206.52.40		48362 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:12Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
91.206.52.40
Last changed
2026-09-18T01:23:39Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC20
91.206.52.68		12307 57118 25091 55112026-09-25T07:03:13Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
91.206.52.101
Last changed
2026-09-13T21:17:50Z
Communities
5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 12307:4000 12307:4010 12307:5002 25091:12304 57118:2000 57118:2130
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC20
91.206.52.117		25091 55112026-09-25T07:02:47Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
91.206.52.117
Last changed
2026-08-31T21:25:45Z
Communities
5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 25091:12304
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC20
91.206.52.177		58057 1836 55112026-09-25T07:03:12Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
91.206.52.177
Last changed
2026-09-07T15:37:08Z
Communities
5511:515 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:10009 1836:20000 5511:30535 1836:110 1836:6000 5511:30594 1836:6051 5511:999 5511:40176 58057:65010 5511:500
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC20
91.206.52.197		51873 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
91.206.52.197
Last changed
2026-06-09T21:43:37Z
Communities
51873:51873
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC20
91.206.53.6		209823 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
91.206.53.6
Last changed
2026-09-24T17:04:53Z
Communities
5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 64999:100
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC26
185.1.8.50		200612 8966 55112026-09-25T07:03:12Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
185.1.8.50
Last changed
2026-09-16T20:33:34Z
Communities
8966:97
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC04
192.65.185.3		513 25091 25091 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
192.65.185.3
Last changed
2026-05-31T23:13:36Z
Communities
513:25091 5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 25091:12304
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC04
192.65.185.157		12350 34177 55112026-09-25T07:02:51Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
192.65.185.157
Last changed
2026-09-24T18:03:16Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC04
192.65.185.244		25091 55112026-09-25T07:02:44Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
192.65.185.244
Last changed
2026-09-24T17:03:52Z
Communities
5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 25091:12304
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC05
193.203.0.19		47147 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
193.203.0.19
Last changed
2026-09-18T05:52:51Z
Communities
9002:9002 9002:64605 47147:1502 47147:2000 47147:2100 47147:2300 47147:2400 47147:2616
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC05
193.203.0.182		48362 9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:07Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
193.203.0.182
Last changed
2026-09-18T01:23:40Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC18
193.242.98.141		29680 15704 55112026-09-25T07:03:05Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
193.242.98.141
Last changed
2026-09-14T13:38:04Z
Communities
5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 15704:11000 15704:20807 15704:21081 15704:22002
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC07
194.68.123.157		9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:12Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
194.68.123.157
Last changed
2026-07-23T14:05:42Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC13
195.208.208.223		20764 12389 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
195.208.208.223
Last changed
2026-09-01T10:34:41Z
Communities
5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 12389:6 12389:1618 12389:3100 20764:3006 20764:3007 20764:3010 20764:3021 20764:3040
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC13
195.208.209.66		35598 202984 12389 55112026-09-25T07:03:11Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
195.208.209.66
Last changed
2026-09-23T12:11:25Z
Communities
0:999 35598:200 35598:210 62084:901 62084:12389
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC13
195.208.210.52		41722 12389 55112026-09-25T07:03:13Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
195.208.210.52
Last changed
2026-09-25T05:56:41Z
Communities
5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 12389:6 12389:1618 12389:3100 41722:50
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC19
196.60.8.22		327960 327782 55112026-09-25T07:03:10Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
196.60.8.22
Last changed
2026-08-24T15:58:35Z
Communities
5511:515 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:10009 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:999 5511:40176 5511:500
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC19
196.60.8.139		32653 30844 55112026-09-25T07:03:10Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
196.60.8.139
Last changed
2026-08-24T15:55:04Z
Communities
30844:666
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC19
196.60.9.165		917 60068 55112026-09-25T07:03:12Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
196.60.9.165
Last changed
2026-08-24T15:55:05Z
Communities
917:59001 5511:500 5511:515 5511:999 5511:10009 5511:30228 5511:30232 5511:30535 5511:30594 5511:40176 57695:13000 60068:204 60068:2000 60068:2260 60068:7180
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC11
198.32.160.182		9002 55112026-09-25T07:03:12Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
198.32.160.182
Last changed
2026-09-24T10:09:29Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied
RRC16
198.32.243.133		199524 12956 55112026-09-25T07:02:43Z
Show
Prefix
45.149.26.0/24
Next hop
198.32.243.133
Last changed
2026-09-16T20:33:16Z
Communities
None supplied
Large communities
None supplied
Extended communities
None supplied

RIPEstat / RIS observations represent participating peers, not every router on the Internet. Collector processing and snapshots introduce a delay.